References

General

Azzoni, A., Barbera, G.L., Zaninetti, A. (1995). Analysis and Prediction of Rockfalls Using a Mathematical Model. Int. J. Rock. Mech. Min. Sci & Geomech, Elsevier Science Ltd. Great Britain, Vol 32 No 8 pp 709-724.

Badger, T.C. and Lowell, S. (1992). Rockfall Control Washington State. In Rockfall Prediction and Control and Landslide Case Histories, Transportation Research Record, National Research Council, Washington, No 1342, pp 14-19.

Bar, N., Nicoll, S., Pothitos, F. (2016). “Rock fall trajectory field testing, model simulations and considerations for steep slope design in hard rock.” APSSIM.

Bozzelo D. and Pamini R. (1986). Simulation of Rock Falls down a Valley Side, Acka Mechanica 63, pp 113-130

Bozzolo, D., Pamini, R. and Hutter, K. (1988). Rockfall analysis - a mathematical model and its test with field data. Proc. 5th International Symposium on Landslides, Lusanne. July, Vol. 1, pp. 555-560.

Bunce, C.M. (1994). Risk Analysis for Rock Fall on Highways. MSc thesis submitted to the department of Civil Engineering, University of Alberta, Canada. 129 pages.

Budetta P. and Santo A (1994). Morphostructural evolution and related kinematics of rockfalls in Campania (southern Italy): A case study, Engineering Geology 36, pp 197-210.

Bunce C.M., Cruden D.M and Morgenstern N.R. (1997). Assessment of the hazard from rock fall on a highway, Can.Geotech.J 34, pp 344-356

Chan Y.C., Chan C.F. and Au S.W.C., Design of a boulder fence in Hong Kong, Geotechnical Control Office, Hong Kong, pp 87-96

Fell, R. (1994). Landslide risk assessment and acceptable risk. Canadian Geotechnical Journal. Vol. 31. pp. 261-272

Fookes P.G. and Sweeney M. (1976). Stabilisation and control of local rock falls and degrading rock slopes, Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology, London, Vol 9. pp 37-55

Grigg P.V. and Wong K.M. (1987). Stabilisation of boulders at a hillslope site in Hong Kong, Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology, London, Vol. 20, pp 5-14

Hungr, O. and Evans, S.G. (1989). Engineering aspects of rockfall hazard in Canada. Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 2061, 102 pages.

Hunt, R.E. (1984). Slope failure risk mapping for highways: Methodology and case history. In Rockfall prediction and Control and Landslide Case Histories. Transportation Research Record, National Research Council, Washington, No. 1343. pp. 42-51.

Martin D.C. Rockfall Control: An Update, Bulletin of the Association of Engineering Geologists Vol XXV, No. 1, pp 137-144

Masuya H. and Kajikawa Y. (1991). Numerical analysis of the collision between a falling rock and a cushion by distinct element method, Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics, Beer, Booder & Carter (eds), pp 493-498

Morgan, G.C. (1991). Qualification of risks from slope hazards. In Landslide Hazards in the Canadian Cordillera. Geological Association of Canada, Special Publication.

Morgan, G.C., Rawlings, G.E. and Sobkowicz, J.C. (1992). Evaluation of total risk to communities from large debris flows. Geotechnical and Natural Hazards, Vancouver Geotechnical Society and Canadian Geotechnical Society, Vancouver, BC, Canada, May 6-9, 1992, pp. 225—236.

Nielsen, N.M., Hartford, D.N.D. and MacDonald. (1994). Selection of tolerable risk criteria for dam safety decision making. Proc. 1994 Canadian Dam Safety Conference, Winnipeg, Manitoba. Vancouver: BiTech Publishers, pp 355-369

Pfeiffer, T.J., and Bowen, T.D. (1989). Computer Simulation of Rockfalls. Bulletin of the Association of Engineering Geologists Vol. XXVI, No. 1, 1989 p 135-146.

Pierson, L.A., Davis, S.A. and Van Vickle, R. (1990). Rockfall hazard Rating System implementation Manual. Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Report FHWA-OR-EG-90-01. FHWA, U.S. Department of Transportation.

Ritchie A.M. (1963). Evaluation of Rockfall and Its Control, Highway Research Record No. 17, pp 13-28

Shie-Shin W.U. Rockfall Evaluation by Computer Simulation, Transportation Research Record 1031, pp 1-5

Spang R.M. (1987). Protection against rockfall – Stepchild in the design of rock slopes, 6 th International Congress on Rock Mechanics, International Society for Rock Mechanics, pp 551-557

Threadgold L. and McNicholl D.P. (1984). The design and construction of polymer grid boulder barriers to protect a large public housing site for the Hong Kong Housing Authority, Proceedings of a conference by the Science and Engineering Research Council, pp 212-219

Varnes, D.J. (1984). Landslide hazard zonation: a review of principles and practice. Natural Hazards 3. UNESCO, Paris, 63 pages.

Whitman. R.V. (1984). Evaluating calculated risk in geotechnical engineering. J. Geotech.Enng, ASCE110(2), 145-186.

Probability

Duncan, J.M. (2000). "Factors of safety and reliability in geotechnical engineering." J. Geotechnical & Geoenvironmental Engineering, April, pp. 307-316.

Law, A.M. and Kelton, D.W. (1991). "Simulation Modeling and Analysis", 2nd edition, McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York.

Friction Coefficients

Azzoni, A., and de Freitas, M.H. (1995). "Experimentally Gained Parameters, Decisive for Rock Fall Analysis". Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering. 28(2)111-124.

Azzoni, A., La Barbera, G., and Zaninetti, A. (1995). "Analysis and Prediction of Rockfalls Using a Mathematical Model". Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. & Geomech. Abstr. 32(7)709-724.

Azzoni, A., et al. (1992). "In situ observation of rockfall analysis parameters". Proceedings of the VI International Symposium on Landslides, Christchurch. February 10-14.

Bartelt, P., Bieler, C., Buhler, Y., Christen, M., Dreier, L., Gerber, W., Glover, J. and Schneider, M. (2016). RAMMS::ROCKFALL User Manual. http://ramms.slf.ch/ramms/down...

Chau, K.T., Wong, R.H.C, and Lee, C.F. (1998). "Rock fall problems in Hong Kong and some new experimental results for coefficients of restitution". International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science. 35(4/5):662-663.

Horn, H.M., and Deere, D.U. (1962). "Frictional Characteristics of Minerals". Geotechnique. 12(4)319-335.

Leine, R., Schweizer, A., Christen, M., Glover, J., Bartelt, P. and Gerber, W. (2013). Simulation of rockfall trajectories with consideration of rock shape. Multibody System Dynamics, 1 - 31.

Onaka, M. (1975). "Frictional Characteristics of Typical Rocks". J. Phys. Earth. 23:87-112.

Barriers

Grimod, A. and Giacchetti, G. "High Energy Rockfall Barriers: A Design Procedure for Different Applications".

Peila, D. and Ronco, C. (2009). "Technical Note: Design of rockfall net fences and the new ETAG 027 European guideline". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences. 9:1291-1298.

EOTA (2008). "ETAG 027: Guideline for European Technical Approval of Falling Rock Protection Kits" 3, European Organisation for Technical Approvals, Brussels, www.eota.be

EOTA (2018). "FALLING ROCK PROTECTION KITS", European Assessment Document, www.eota.eu

FOEN (2018). "Bases of the assessment of the quality of stone nets and their foundations ", Federal Office for the Environment FOEN, https://www.bafu.admin.ch/bafu...

Giacchetti, G. and Zotti, I.M. (2012). "Design Approach for Rockfall Barriers". XI Congreso Nacional de Geotecnia, Congeo, Costa Rica. San Jose, Costa Rica. August 9-10.

Lumped Mass Engine

Stevens, Warren, D. (1998). "RocFall: A Tool for Probabilistic Analysis, Design of Remedial Measures and Prediction of Rockfalls". MASc. Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Rigid Body Engine

Ashayer, P. (2007). "Application of Rigid Body Impact Mechanics and Discrete Element Modeling to Rockfall Simulation". PhD Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Vijayakumar, S., Yacoub, T., Curran, J.H. (2011). "On the Effect of Rock Size on the RocFall Analysis". Proceedings of the U.S. Rock Mechanics Symposium (ARMA). San Francisco, CA, USA. June 2011.

Vijayakumar, S., Yacoub, T., and Ranjram, M. (2012). "Effect of Rockfall Shape on Normal Coefficient of Restitution". Proceedings of the 46th U.S. Rock Mechanics Geomechanics Symposium. Chicago, Illinois, USA. June 24-27, 2012.

Chai, S., Yacoub, T., and Charbonneau, K. (2013). "The Effect of Rigid Body Impact Mechanics on Tangential Coefficient of Restitution". Proceedings of Geo-Montreal 2013. Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Sept 29-Oct. 3, 2013.

Stronge, W.J., (2000). Impact Mechanics. Cambridge University Press.

Forest Damping

Leine, R.; Schweizer, A.; Christen, M.; Glover, J.; Bartelt, P. & Gerber, W. (2013). Simulation of rockfall trajectories with consideration of rock shape. Multibody System Dynamics, 1-31.

Bartelt, P.; Bieler, C.; Buhler, Y.; Christen, M.; Dreier, L.; Gerber, W.; Glover, J. & Schneider, M. (2016). RAMMS::ROCKFALL User Manual. http://ramms.slf.ch/ramms/down....

Fragmentation

Bieniawski ZT, Bernede MJ (1979) Suggested methods for determining the uniaxial compressive strength and deformability of rock materials. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr. 16(2):137–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(79)91451-7

Buzzi O, Ye Y, Vidler A (2024) Numerical Study of Damage Accumulation in Brittle Spheres During Repeated Impacts and Development of a Conceptual Model for Rocks. Rock Mech Rock Eng 57, 5155–5176. 10.1007/s00603-024-03805-w

Gili JA, Ruiz-Carulla R, Matas G, Moya J, Prades A, Corominas J, Lantada N, Núñez-Andrés MA, Buill F, Puig C, Martínez-Bofill J, Saló L, Mavrouli O (2022) Rockfalls: analysis of the block fragmentation through field experiments. Landslides. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-021-01837-9

Guccione DE, Buzzi O, Thoeni K, Fityus S, Giacomini A (2021) Predicting the fragmentation survival probability of brittle spheres upon impact from statistical distribution of material properties. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci. 142:104768. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2021.104768

Guccione DE, Thoeni K, Fityus S, Nader F, Giacomini A, Buzzi O (2021) An experimental setup to study the fragmentation of rocks upon impact. Rock Mech Rock Eng. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-021-02501-3

Guccione DE, Buzzi O, Thoeni K, Giacomini A, Fityus S (2022) Practical considerations for the application of a survival probability model for rockfall. Aust Geomech J 57(2):115–129

Guccione DE, Giacomini A, Thoeni K, Fityus S, Buzzi O (2023) On the dynamic fragmentation of rock-like spheres: insights into fragment distribution and energy partition. Rock Mech Rock Eng 56(2):847–873. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-022-03114-0

Guccione DE, Barros G, Thoeni K, Huang Z, Giacomini A, Buzzi O (2025). A new stochastic rockfall fragmentation approach for lumped mass simulations. Rock Mech Rock Eng. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-025-04743-x

Japaridze L. (2015). Stress-deformed state of cylindrical specimens during indirect tensile strength testing. J Rock Mech Geotech Eng. 7(5): 509-518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2015.06.006

ISRM (1978) Suggested methods for determining tensile strength of rock materials. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr. 15(3):99–103. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1016/ 0148- 9062(78) 90003-7

Kuruppu MD, Obara Y, Ayatollahi MR, Chong KP, Funatsu T (2014) ISRM-suggested method for determining the mode I static fracture toughness using semi-circular bend specimen. Rock Mech Rock Eng. 47(1):267–274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-013-0422-7

Matas G, Lantada N, Corominas J, Gili J, Ruiz-Carulla R, Prades A. (2020). Simulation of Full-Scale Rockfall Tests with a Fragmentation Model. Geosciences, 10(5), 168. https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/10/5/168

Prades-Valls A, Corominas J, Lantada N, Matas G, Nunez-Andres MA (2022) Capturing rockfall kinematic and fragmentation parameters using high-speed camera system. Eng Geol. 302:106629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2022.106629