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Data Interpretation
The Phase2 Interpret program provides an extensive toolkit of resources for viewing and presentation of analysis results. Results can be contoured, displayed on the model, graphed, exported, and much more. These options are described below.
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Data Interpretation: Contours
The primary means of data interpretation after a Phase2 analysis, is the viewing of data contours directly on the model. Basic data types which are always available after a Phase2 stress analysis include:
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Principal Stress - Sigma 1, Sigma 3, Sigma Z, Mean Stress, Deviatoric
Stress
Displacement - Horizontal, Vertical, Total
Strength Factor
Strain - Volumetric, Maximum Shear
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Sigma 1 stress contours for surface excavation
To change the contoured data, just select a data type from the drop-list in the toolbar.
Drop-list for selection of contour data type
Other contour data types may be available, depending on your analysis type:
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Effective stress results (if groundwater pore pressure is included)
Yielded element contouring (if plastic materials have failed)
Groundwater seepage results (e.g. Total Head, Discharge Velocity,
Hydraulic Gradient, Permeability)
User Data
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With the User Data option, you can contour almost any data used in the analysis, including user-defined functions of all input or output analysis variables. If User Data has been defined, the names of these variables will appear at the end of the toolbar drop-list. See the User Data topic for details.
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Data Interpretation: Show Values
The Show Values option allows the user to display bolt data, liner data, joint data or spring data directly on the model. The data can be displayed as numerical values and/or graphically, directly on the model elements. The display of Show Values can be customized (e.g. specify the size of histogram bars, etc) in the Show Values dialog.
Show Values dialog
Joint data (shear stress) displayed on joint
Bolt data (axial force) displayed on bolts
Liner data (axial force) displayed on Liner
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Data Interpretation: Material Queries
A query in Phase2 is a user-defined line or polyline, defined within the rock or soil mass, along which data is interpolated from the contour plots, at user-defined intervals. After a query is created, the data can be:
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graphed
displayed directly on the model
copied to the clipboard
saved to a file
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Queries can automatically be created on boundaries, to quickly plot data along excavation surfaces, for example. In the figure below, a right-click shortcut is used to automatically generate a query on an excavation boundary.
Query Boundary option
The query data can then be displayed on the model, or graphed with the Graph Query option.
Graph of Sigma 1 along excavation boundary
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Data Interpretation: Graphing Bolt, Liner, Joint Data
Analysis results for bolts, liners and joints can be easily graphed. You may plot data for single or multiple entities (e.g. multiple bolts) on the same graph, and data can also be plotted by stage. The graphing option is available through the toolbar, menu or right-click shortcuts.
Geogrid reinforced embankment
Axial force in geogrid
Note: in the above figure the axial force in the geogrid is tensile. Because the stress convention in Phase2 is positive compression, the tensile force appears as a negative value.
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Data Interpretation: Show Yield
The Show Yield option is used to display yielding (i.e. failure) in any elements of the model, including finite elements, support elements (bolts or liners), and joint elements.
Show Yield dialog
Display of yielded solid elements (x=shear, o=tension)
As you can see in the above figure, solid elements can fail in shear and/or tensile modes.
Yielded bolt elements (yellow = tensile failure)
Yielded liner elements (red)
Yielding of the solid elements can also be contoured by selecting the Yielded Elements option from the contour data drop-list.
Degree of yielding contoured with the Yielded Elements option
Yielded regions can also be highlighted by displaying a "yield line" which encompasses all of the yielded elements within a selected region. This is done with the Add Yield Line option.
Yield line surrounds the zone of yielded elements
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Data Interpretation: Iso-Contours
Iso-Lines can be added to contour plots of any variable. An Iso-Line on a contour plot represents a constant value of a contoured variable. Iso-Contour Lines are added with the Add Iso-Line option. In the example below, three Iso-Contours have been added to a Strength Factor contour plot. The text labels were added separately with the Text Box option.
Iso-contour lines added to Strength Factor plot
Once Iso-Contours are added to a plot, they are independent of any changes that are made to the contour style or data range. Iso-Contours of one data type may even be displayed over contours of other data types, if the Visibility Always option is selected when the Iso-Contour is added.
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Data Interpretation: Groundwater results
If your model includes groundwater, then you will be able to plot contours of:
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pore pressure
effective stress
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If the Groundwater Method = Finite Element Seepage Analysis, then you will also be able to plot a full range of groundwater analysis results, including contours of discharge velocity and hydraulic gradient, flow lines, flow vectors etc. For further information see the Phase2 Groundwater Seepage features page.
Flow lines underneath sheet pile wall, Total Head contours
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Data Interpretation: Display Options
Phase2 provides a comprehensive array of display and contour options, which give the user complete control over the appearance of the model and the display of results. Many of the display options are available as toolbar or right-click shortcuts, as well as the Display Options dialog. A few of these options are illustrated below.
Deformations can be displayed at any user-defined scale factor. The deformation scale factor can be applied to boundaries, contours and the mesh.
Deformations magnified by user-defined scale factor
Stress trajectories can be displayed which show the direction of the in-plane principal stresses (Sigma 1 and Sigma 3). The trajectories are indicated by small cross icons, where the long axis is the direction of Sigma1 and the short axis is the direction of Sigma3.
Display of stress trajectories
The appearance of contours is fully customizable with the Contour Options dialog. Many different contour styles can be applied, and the contour ranges can be user-defined.
Horizontal displacement contours, Contour mode = Filled + Lines
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Data Interpretation: Differential Data
For a multi-stage model, by default the analysis results are relative to the initial stage of the model. If desired, you can use any stage of the model as a reference stage (i.e. you can view "differential" results between any two stages of the model). This is achieved by selecting the reference stage in the Stage Settings dialog.
Stage Settings dialog
This allows you (for example) to view the relative displacements between any two stages of a model. For more information see the Differential Data topic in the Phase2 Help system.
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Data Interpretation: Info Viewer
The Info Viewer option provides a well-formatted summary of input data and analysis results, in an easy to browse text format. The information can easily be copied to the clipboard or saved to a file, for inclusion in reports etc.
Info Viewer display (with right-click context menu)
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Data Interpretation: Data Tips
Data Tips allow the user to quickly access information about model input parameters, and analysis results, by simply hovering the mouse over the desired model entities or locations. In the Phase2 Interpret program, this includes:
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material properties
support properties
field stress
contour data values at any point
other information (e.g. iso-line values)
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Data tips display of model properties
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