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Contour Data
The Examine2D boundary element analysis computes values of stress, displacement and strength factor at each stress grid point. The contours are generated by interpolation from the grid point data. Contours are displayed immediately, as soon as the model boundaries and stress grid have been defined.
Contour data includes:
Deviatoric stress contours around caverns
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Contour Data: Data Type
By default, contours of major principal stress (Sigma 1) are initially displayed. To view contours of other data, select the desired data type from the drop-list in the toolbar.
Toolbar drop-list of contour data types
Displacement contours around mine stopes
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Contour Data: Real Time Analysis
A unique feature of Examine2D is the real time stress analysis capability, which allows you to make changes to the model, and in real-time, visualize the analysis results. For example, you can interactively change the shape or position of an excavation, and the contours will be immediately updated as the boundary is moved.
See the Real Time Analysis page for more information.
Strength factor contours updated in real time as excavation boundary is moved
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Contour Data: Query
The Query option allows you to plot contour data along any user-defined line or polyline (e.g. plot the stress along excavation boundaries). The data can be displayed directly on the model, graphed or exported to Excel.
See the Query page for more information.
Query showing total displacement versus distance from excavation boundary
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Contour Data: Stress Trajectories
Stress Trajectories indicate the orientation and relative magnitude of the major and minor in-plane principal stresses, for a Plane Strain analysis. The Stress Trajectories are displayed as intersecting orthogonal lines (a long line for Sigma 1 and a short line for Sigma 3), displayed at each grid point of the stress grid.
Stress trajectories displayed with Sigma1 contours
If you are using the Complete Plane Strain analysis option, then the Stress Trajectories option will NOT be available, because the principal stress orientations are 3-dimensional for Complete Plane Strain, and cannot be represented on the 2-dimensional model.
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Contour Data: Failure Trajectories
Failure Trajectories are displayed at grid points where the induced elastic stresses exceed the strength envelope of the material, as defined by your strength criterion parameters. This corresponds to regions where the strength factor contours are less than 1. (For an elastic stress analysis, the calculated stresses can exceed the strength of the material).
Failure trajectories displayed with strength factor contours
The trajectories also indicate the potential failure mode of the material (shear or tension). Shear failure is indicated by two intersecting lines, and tensile failure is indicated by a single line, displayed perpendicular to the direction of tensile stress.
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Contour Data: Deformation Vectors
Deformation Vectors show the direction and relative magnitude of displacements at each grid point. The absolute size of the deformation vectors can be customized with the Scale Factor option in the Display Options dialog.
Deformation vectors displayed with Total Displacement contours
It is important to remember that the displacements calculated in Examine2D are elastic displacements only, which in reality may represent only a small fraction of the actual total displacement occurring at excavation boundaries. However, elastic displacements can still be a good indicator of the general trend of displacements.
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Contour Data: Deform Boundaries
The Deform Boundaries option will draw the deformed shape of the excavation and ground surface boundaries, magnified by a scale factor. The scale factor can be customized in the Display Options dialog. Deformed Boundaries can be displayed at the same time as Deformation Vectors, and the same scale factor will be used for both.
Deformed boundary shape magnified by scale factor
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Contour Data: Data Tips
The Data Tips Query option allows you to display the exact value of contour data at the current cursor location, as a popup data tip. This allows you to quickly check contour values without referring to the legend. As you move the mouse over the contours, the data value and coordinates are automatically updated.
Sigma1 value near excavation boundary displayed with Data Tips Query option
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Contour Data: Contour Options
The Contour Options allow you to customize the contour range, number of intervals, or style. You can choose from several pre-defined contour formats, or create user-defined formats.
Contour Options dialog
Filled + lines contour mode
A convenient shortcut to access Contour Options is to right-click on the contour legend.
Shortcut popup menu displayed by right clicking on the legend
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